Chapter 8 Flashcards

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Coherence theories

Definition

Holds that the truth of propositions, assertions, or beliefs must connect logically and directly with other propositions, assertions or beliefs that we think are true.

Consequentialist

Definition

The view that normative properties depend only on consequences. The most prominent example is about the moral rightness of acts, which holds that whether an act is morally right depends only on the consequences of that act or of something related to that act. Source: Standard Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Correspondence theories

Definition

Known as the theories of conformity, congruence, or agreement. They are tied to metaphysical realism, holding that truthful propositions correspond to or mirror objective reality.

Deception

Definition

To cause to believe what is false, and/or to intentionally cause another person to have a false belief to gain advantage. Source: Standard Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Epistemology

Definition

Branch of philosophy that studies the origin, nature, methods, validity, and limits of human knowledge. It deals with the creation and dissemination of knowledge in particular areas of inquiry. Source: Standard Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Frankenbite

Definition

An ethically questionable way to edit video or audio, sometimes recorded at different times, to change the meaning of the original information. This technique is used in some “reality” shows to heighten drama or push a storyline.

Gestalt

Definition

A consideration of patterns among things and people, and the understanding that an organized whole is more than the sum of its parts.

Implicit agreement

Definition

An agreement between media practitioners and media consumers in which media that inform and persuade have a special obligation to be truth seekers and truth tellers.

Intentionality

Definition

A determination to act in a certain way. The power of minds to be about, to represent, or to stand for, things, properties and states of affairs. Source: Standard Encyclopedia of Philosophy

Objectivity

Definition

Observations and conclusions based on real facts and not influenced by personal beliefs or feelings. Source: Cambridge Dictionary

Omission

Definition

Something neglected or left undone. Source: Cambridge Dictionary

Pragmatic theories

Definition

Theories suggesting that statements are true if they allow us to get on with the business of interacting with the real world, a world “out there” and a world partly of our own making.

Puffery

Definition

Advertising statements that are not rooted in “truth” but are legal because they are not making an objective fact-based claim. Examples might include “the best pizza in town” or “Downy fresh.”

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Dr. Chris Roberts

Associate Professor